Development and performance assessment of an integrated vermifiltration based treatment system for the treatment of feedlot runoff

The objective of this study was to treat feedlot runoff by developing an ecologically sustainable, affordable, and resilient treatment system having a relatively long life span. Three horizontal flow soil biofilters were utilized in study: 1) without earthworms plants (Biofilter (BF)), 2) with only (Vermifilter (VF)), 3) (Macrophyte Assisted Vermifilter (MAVF)). experiments conducted hydraulic retention time four days using Lumbricus terestrris Carex frankii wetland plants. average COD removal from the BF, VF, MAVF 23.2–30.4%, 61.4–69.1%, 68.3–78.1%, respectively. Average TN efficiencies for 15.5–21.4%, 34.4–38.8%, 39.1–44.0%, Additionally, TP removals 31.9–40.8%, 48.0–54.0%, 51.1–58.3%, Comparison results literature indicate that developed can facilitate more nitrogen removal. Plant roots, along earthworms, create aerobic ecosystem within filter, leading high organics oxidation nitrification efficiency among MAVF. Observational analysis indicates is prone clogging while less clogging. Thus, it be concluded if modularized, application systems runoffs higher expanded